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السادة الزوار الكرام ****مرحباً بكم في موقع ايكو الالكتروني********يمكنكم الاستفادة من الكتب الموجودة بمكتبة ايكو ******** رؤية المكتب الاستشاري للكهرباء والاتصالات هي أن يكون في طليعة الشركات والمكاتب الاستشارية وذلك في تقديم أفضل الخدمات الاستشارية والتدريب والدراسات في مجال الكهرباء والاتصالات
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2024-05-17 05:00

Introduction

In present day industry, the three top operating expenses pertain to energy (both electrical and thermal), labor and materials. The manageability of the cost or potential cost savings in respect of each of the above components energy invariably emerges as a top ranker. Therefore, energy management function constitutes a strategic area for cost reduction. Energy Audits help in not only better understanding about the ways energy and fuel are used in industries but also help in identifying the areas where waste occurs to evolve strategies for its minimization or elimination. The Energy Audit gives a positive orientation to the energy cost reduction, preventive maintenance and quality control programmes vital for production and utility activities. Such an audit programme does help to keep focus on variations, which occur in the energy costs, availability and reliability of supply of energy, decide on appropriate energy mix, identify energy conservation technologies, retrofit for energy conservation equipment etc. In general, Energy Audit is the translation of conservation ideas into realities, by lending technically feasible solutions with economic and other organizational considerations within a specified period. Electrical and Communication Consultation office (ECCO) offers state of the art energy audit services to its customers through experienced, competent, skilled and knowledgeable engineers. Our services include finding practical solutions not only for energy conservation, mix and protecting the environment, but also to enhanced productivity and profits of manufacturing facilities.

An Energy Audit

The  energy audit strategy involves adjusting and optimizing energy, using systems and procedures so as to reduce energy requirements per unit of output while holding constant or reducing total costs of producing the output from these systems. "An energy audit  process involves an inspection, survey and analysis of energy flows for energy conservation in a building, process or system to reduce the amount of energy input into the system without negatively affecting the output(s).

Objective of Energy Audit

The objective of Energy Audit is to achieve and maintain optimum energy procurement

and utilization, throughout the organization with a view to:

    -   minimize energy costs / waste without

         affecting production & quality

    - reduce or prevent degrading environmental effects

 

Energy Audit: Types and Methodology

Energy Audit is the key to a systematic approach for decision-making in the area of energy management.  It attempts to balance the total energy inputs with its use, and serves to identify all the energy streams in a facility.  It quantifies energy usage according to its discrete functions. Industrial energy audit is an effective tool in defining and pursuing comprehensive energy management programme. The type of Energy Audit to be performed depends on:

- Function and type of industry

- Depth to which final audit is needed, and

- Potential and magnitude of cost reduction desired

Energy Audit at ECCO is classified into the following two types.

i) Preliminary Audit

ii) Detailed Audit

Our Services

Electrical and Communications Consultation office offers energy audit and managements to industrial, and manufacturing facilities through highly experienced, competent, skilled and professional engineers with the use of the latest equipments and programming software. Our service depends on the size, type of the facilities and the goals or the objectives of the services. We do provide training and consultation needed for capacity building program with the purpose of energy conservation ,cost reduction and environmental protection.

 

EXPERT WITNESS TESTIMONY

What is an expert witness? An expert witness is one allowed to provide opinion testimony at trial based upon his or her specialized knowledge, training or experience, if the opinion is reliable, relevant to the issues in the case, and will help the fact finder to reach a decision. An expert witness need not have percipient knowledge of the facts of the case. In courts, experts and their opinions must meet admissibility standards of Rule and its country laws analogs that serve to define the opinion witness.

Testimony by Experts

If scientific, technical, or other specialized knowledge will assist the trier of fact to understand the evidence or to determine a fact in issue, a witness qualified as an expert by knowledge, skill, experience, training, or education, may testify thereto in the form of an opinion or otherwise, if (1) the testimony is based upon sufficient facts or data, (2) the testimony is the product of reliable principles and methods, and (3) the witness has applied the principles and methods reliably to the facts of the case.

Basic requirements of Testimony by Experts

The requirements of FRE 702 can be divided into four parts: • qualifications; • reliability; • helpfulness; and

• Qualifications;

• Reliability;          

• Helpfulness; and

• Foundation.

The proposed expert witness must be sufficiently qualified by formal training and education or by practical experience to testify on the particular matters at issue. The opinion must be reliable according to the standards of the expert’s field. The opinion must be “helpful” to the fact finder—i.e., the opinion must address matters relevant to the dispute that require expertise beyond the ken of ordinary lay jurors or the court. Finally, the opinion must be grounded on the type of data and information customarily relied upon by other experts in the particular field.

fiber optic communications

FACTORY INSPECTION

Definition of Inspection

Inspection Examination of a product design, product, service, process or plant, and determination of their conformity with specific requirements or, on the basis of professional judgment, general requirements.

  • Type of Inspection Body
  • Type A – 3rd party inspection
  • Type B – inspection to its parent organization
  • Type C – inspection to its own organization

Type of Inspection

1. Pre-production Inspection

• Inspection of pre-production against specifications of raw materials

2. During production Inspection

• Inspection of a general manufacturing process-witnessing of the production line & QC

• Inspection of the manufacturing process in particular for the purchased batch of products against the client’s specifications or standards

 3. Pre-shipment Inspection

• Inspection of the purchased products, with simple tests to check compliance prior to shipment

 4. In-service Inspection

• Inspection of cars and crane.

History of Inspection

Technical inspections have been carried out for more than hundred years in a systematically manner

  • One of the main items was to gain experience in order to reduce accidents caused by deficiencies in designee, manufacturing, operation and maintenance.

  • Human factors and material are important points

  • ISO Guides for inspection (Guide 39)

  • Development of EN 45004

 

Foundation of Digital Electronics and Logic Design

فيديو ايكو

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من نحن

 

أسس المكتب الإستشاري للكهرباء والإتصالات سنة 2006 ليساهم فى برامج التطوير والرفع من المستوى التقنى فى أهم وأكبر القطاعات الحيوية والركائز الرئيسية للإقتصاد  ومواكبة التغيرات والتطور فى عصرالمعرفة والمعلومات.

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